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Single-payer health care
Single-payer health care is a system in which the government, rather than private insurers, pays for all health care costs.〔(single-payer ), Merriam Webster Dictionary〕 Single-payer systems may contract for healthcare services from private organizations (as is the case in Canada) or may own and employ healthcare resources and personnel (as is the case in the United Kingdom). The term "single-payer" thus only describes the funding mechanism—referring to health care financed by a single public body from a single fund—and does not specify the type of delivery, or for whom doctors work. The actual funding of a "single payer" system comes from all or a portion of the covered population. Although the fund holder is usually the state, some forms of single-payer use a mixed public-private system.
==Description==
Single-payer health insurance collects all medical fees, then pays for all services, through a single government (or government-related) source.〔Medical Subject Headings thesaurus, National Library of Medicine.("Single-Payer System" ) Year introduced: 1996, (From Slee and Slee, Health Care Reform Terms, 1993, p106)〕 In wealthy nations, this kind of publicly managed insurance is typically extended to all citizens and legal residents. Examples include the United Kingdom's National Health Service, Australia's Medicare, Canada's Medicare, and Taiwan's National Health Insurance.
The standard usage of the term "single-payer health care" refers to health insurance, as opposed to healthcare delivery, operating as a public service and offered to citizens and legal residents towards providing near-universal or universal health care. The fund can be managed by the government directly or as a publicly owned and regulated agency.〔 Some writers describe publicly administered health care systems as "single-payer plans". Some writers have described any system of health care which intends to cover the entire population, such as voucher plans, as "single-payer plans",〔Frank, Robert H. (2007-02-15). A Health Care Plan So Simple, Even Stephen Colbert Couldn’t Simplify It, By ROBERT H. FRANK. New York Times, February 15, 2007. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/15/business/15scene.html.〕 although this is uncommon usage.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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